The Cabinet of the Union, chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, gave its consent to India`s ratification of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer to ProgressiveLy Reduce Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), adopted by the Parties to the Montreal Protocol in Kigali in October 2016 at the 28th session of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol. Rwanda. Photo: IISD Reporting Services (2016), www.iisd.ca/ozone/resumed-oewg38-mop28/ On October 15, 2016, 197 U.S.-led countries in Kigali, Rwanda, adopted an amendment to phase down HFCs under the Montreal Protocol. As part of this change, countries have committed to reducing the production and consumption of HFCs by more than 80% over the next 30 years. The ambitious roadmap for gradual degradation will prevent more than 80 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions by 2050 and avoid warming of up to 0.5° Celsius by the end of the century, while continuing to protect the ozone layer. As part of this change, developed countries will reduce their HFC consumption from 2019 onwards. Most developing countries will freeze consumption in 2024, while a small number of developing countries with unique circumstances will freeze consumption in 2028. The plan also provides funding for some countries to facilitate their transition to climate-friendly alternatives. The main elements of the Kigali Amendment are as follows: the need for the amendment arose from the 1987 Montreal Protocol Process, which controls ozone-depleting substances.
With the use of HFCs as an alternative to ozone-depleting substances in refrigeration equipment, their role in warming the atmosphere has become a bigger problem. In 2016, the Parties to the Montreal Protocol adopted the HFCs Agreement at the 28th Meeting of the Parties (MOP 28) in Kigali, Rwanda. Governments agreed that it would enter into force on 1 January 2019, provided that at least 20 Parties to the Montreal Protocol have ratified it. On 17 November 2017, Sweden and Trinidad and Tobago deposited their instruments of ratification, bringing the number of Parties above the required threshold. More than 120 countries have already ratified the Kigali Amendment. Ratification by the United States will pave the way for similar measures by China, India and other major economies that are already advancing their domestic policies but have not yet ratified. Several of these countries were naturally waiting for a signal that the United States would move forward with the agreement; The United States was a leading proponent of a global exit from HFCs in the years leading up to the Kigali Amendment, and its continued leadership could not be more important. The Kigali Amendment is a 2016 global compact under the Montreal Protocol to phase out climate-warming HFCs over the next few decades. Gina McCarthy and John Kerry both helped negotiate the deal, which the U.S. signed in 2016 but has yet to ratify.
Amendments to the Montreal Protocol typically require the « advice and consent » of the Senate to be ratified, making today`s announcement an important step toward adequate U.S. participation in the agreement. In order to protect the climate and the ozone layer, the 28th edition of the ozone layer took place on the 28th. More than 170 countries, more than 170 countries, meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in Kigali, Rwanda, agreed to amend the Protocol. The Kigali Amendment aims at the progressive degradation of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by reducing their production and consumption. Given their zero impact on ozone depletion, HFCs are currently used as a substitute for hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), but are potent greenhouse gases. With the Kigali Amendment, the Montreal Protocol will be an even more powerful tool against global warming. The amendment will enter into force on 1 January 2019, provided that it has been ratified by at least 20 Parties. The goal is to reduce HFC consumption by more than 80% by 2047.
The effects of the change will prevent an increase in global temperature of up to 0.5°C by the end of the century. The Montreal Protocol was originally created to preserve and restore the ozone layer, and it worked. [2] The Protocol was an agreement between the participating countries for the phase-out of certain ozone-depleting gases. HFCs have been used to replace the substances banned in this agreement because they have no effect on ozone. However, HFCs are powerful greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change[3], so this amendment adds HFCs to the list of chemicals that countries promise to phase out. As a result of this change, all countries will gradually reduce HFCs by more than 80% over the next 30 years and replace them with more environmentally friendly alternatives. A certain group of developed countries will begin to disappear gradually in 2019. Several developing countries will freeze HFC consumption in 2024, followed by other countries in 2028.
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